GBCartRead/arduino/source/main.c

// AVR-libc documentation:
// http://www.nongnu.org/avr-libc/user-manual/modules.html

// AVR assembly instructions:
// https://www.microchip.com/webdoc/avrassembler/avrassembler.wb_instruction_list.html

// ATmega datasheet:
// http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/ATmega328_P%20AVR%20MCU%20with%20picoPower%20Technology%20Data%20Sheet%2040001984A.pdf

/*
 * FIXME: The current hardware design is questionable.
 *
 * The leds. Why does the power (MOSFET) led even have a mosfet to begin
 * with? It doesn't seem to be doing much.
 * Furthermore, why aren't the RD and WR leds inverted? Both of these pins
 * on the cart are active low, not high.
 */

#include <stdint.h>
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <util/delay.h>

#include "utils.h"
#include "pins.h"
#include "serial.h"
#include "cart.h"
#include "proto.h"

void proto_send_u32(const uint32_t val)
{
    char *cval = (char *)&val;
    serial_putchar(cval[0]);
    serial_putchar(cval[1]);
    serial_putchar(cval[2]);
    serial_putchar(cval[3]);
}

uint32_t proto_read_u32(void)
{
    uint32_t val;
    char *cval = (char *)&val;
    cval[0] = serial_getchar();
    cval[1] = serial_getchar();
    cval[2] = serial_getchar();
    cval[3] = serial_getchar();
    return val;
}

struct proto_client_packet proto_read_packet(void)
{
    struct proto_client_packet packet;
    packet.command = serial_getchar();
    packet.address = proto_read_u32();
    packet.size = proto_read_u32();
    return packet;
}

void client_read_raw(uint32_t address, uint32_t size)
{
    if (address > (uint32_t)0xFFFF || address + size > (uint32_t)0xFFFF) {
        serial_putchar(PROTO_READER_FAIL);
        return;
    }

    serial_putchar(PROTO_READER_OK);
    cart_set_read();
    if (address & 0x8000) cart_select_ram();
    for (unsigned i = address; i < address + size; i++) {
        serial_putchar_inline(cart_read(i));
    }
    cart_select_rom();
}

void client_write_raw(uint32_t address, uint32_t size)
{
    if (address > (uint32_t)0xFFFF || address + size > (uint32_t)0xFFFF) {
        serial_putchar(PROTO_READER_FAIL);
        return;
    }

    serial_putchar(PROTO_READER_OK);
    cart_set_write();
    if (address & 0x8000) cart_select_ram();
    for (unsigned i = address; i < address + size; i++) {
        cart_write(i, serial_getchar_inline());
    }
    cart_select_rom();
}

void client_read_rom(struct cart_info *cart, uint32_t address, uint32_t size)
{
    // 0x1FF = max bank (MBC5, 9 bits)
    if (address > (uint32_t)0x4000 * 0x200 ||
            address + size > (uint32_t)0x4000 * 0x200) {
        serial_putchar(PROTO_READER_FAIL);
        return;
    }

    unsigned bank = address / (uint32_t)0x4000;
    unsigned bank_end = (address + size - 1) / (uint32_t)0x4000;
    unsigned offset = 0;  // Offset for the first bank we read, which can be bank 0.
    if (bank) {
        cart_rom_bank(cart, bank);

        // Any bank other than 0 starts at 0x4000.
        offset = 0x4000;
    }

    // If we're not reading cross-bank, just do one read.
    if (bank == bank_end) return client_read_raw(offset + address % 0x4000, size);

    serial_putchar(PROTO_READER_OK);
    cart_set_read();

    // Read the current bank until the end
    for (unsigned i = offset + address % 0x4000; i < offset + 0x4000; i++) {
        serial_putchar_inline(cart_read(i));
    }

    // Read all the entire banks
    for (unsigned i = bank + 1; i < bank_end; i++) {
        cart_rom_bank(cart, i);
        cart_set_read();
        for (unsigned i = 0x4000; i < (unsigned)0x4000 + 0x4000; i++) {
            serial_putchar_inline(cart_read(i));
        }
    }

    // Read the final bank until the end
    cart_rom_bank(cart, bank_end);
    cart_set_read();
    for (unsigned i = 0x4000; i <= 0x4000 + (size - 1) % 0x4000; i++) {
        serial_putchar_inline(cart_read(i));
    }
}

void client_read_ram(struct cart_info *cart, uint32_t address, uint32_t size)
{
    // 0xF = max bank (MBC5, 4 bits)
    if (address > (uint32_t)0x2000 * 0x10 ||
            address + size > (uint32_t)0x2000 * 0x10) {
        serial_putchar(PROTO_READER_FAIL);
        return;
    }

    unsigned bank = address / (uint32_t)0x2000;
    unsigned bank_end = (address + size - 1) / (uint32_t)0x2000;
    cart_ram_enable(cart);
    cart_ram_bank(cart, bank);

    // If we're not reading cross-bank, just do one read.
    if (bank == bank_end) return client_read_raw(0xA000 + address % 0x2000, size);

    serial_putchar(PROTO_READER_OK);
    cart_set_read();

    // Read the current bank until the end
    for (unsigned i = 0xA000 + address % 0x2000; i < 0xA000 + 0x2000; i++) {
        serial_putchar_inline(cart_read(i));
    }

    // Read all the entire banks
    for (unsigned i = bank + 1; i < bank_end; i++) {
        cart_ram_bank(cart, i);
        cart_set_read();
        for (unsigned i = 0xA000; i < 0xA000 + 0x2000; i++) {
            serial_putchar_inline(cart_read(i));
        }
    }

    // Read the final bank until the end
    cart_ram_bank(cart, bank_end);
    cart_set_read();
    for (unsigned i = 0xA000; i <= 0xA000 + (size - 1) % 0x2000; i++) {
        serial_putchar_inline(cart_read(i));
    }

    cart_ram_disable(cart);
}

int main(void)
{
    struct cart_info cart;

    // Configure reset button interrupt
    //PCICR = 0;
    //PCMSK1 = _BV(PCINT9);

    // Initialize the program
    serial_init(2000000);
    pinmode(PIN_MOSFET, OUTPUT);
    writepin(PIN_MOSFET, LOW);
    cart_init();
    sei();

    int checksum = cart_boot(&cart);
    if (checksum) {
        // Notify the user that the cart couldn't be read properly.
        writepin(PIN_READ, LOW);
        writepin(PIN_WRITE, LOW);
    }

    sbi(PCICR, PCIE1);
    while (serial_getchar() != PROTO_CLIENT_INIT);
    cbi(PCICR, PCIE1);
    serial_putchar(checksum ? PROTO_READER_FAIL : PROTO_READER_OK);

    // Interpret commands
    for (;;) {
        serial_drain();
        cart_set_standby();
        sbi(PCICR, PCIE1);
        struct proto_client_packet packet = proto_read_packet();
        cbi(PCICR, PCIE1);

        switch (packet.command) {
        case PROTO_CLIENT_READ_RAW:
            client_read_raw(packet.address, packet.size);
            break;

        case PROTO_CLIENT_READ_ROM:
            client_read_rom(&cart, packet.address, packet.size);
            break;

        case PROTO_CLIENT_READ_RAM:
            client_read_ram(&cart, packet.address, packet.size);
            break;

        case PROTO_CLIENT_WRITE_RAW:
            client_write_raw(packet.address, packet.size);
            break;

        case PROTO_CLIENT_WRITE_ROM:
        case PROTO_CLIENT_WRITE_RAM:
        default:
            serial_putchar(PROTO_READER_FAIL);
        }
    }
}

void exit(__attribute__((unused)) int status)
{
    serial_drain();
    //sbi(PCICR, PCIE1);
    cart_off();
    for (;;);
}

//ISR(PCINT1_vect) {
    //// Debounce it
    //int pressed = readpin(PIN_SWITCH);
    //int debounce = 0x2DAB;
    //while (debounce--) {
        //if (pressed != readpin(PIN_SWITCH)) return;
    //}

    //// Check if it was released
    //if (pressed) return;

    //_delay_ms(10);
    //__asm__ volatile ("jmp 0");
//}